Mathematics

Pre-Algebra (No high school credit)

Pre-Algebra contains both content that reviews or extends concepts and skills learned in previous grades and new content that prepares students for more abstract concepts in algebra and geometry. Students will gain proficiency in computation with rational numbers (positive and negative fractions, positive and negative decimals, whole numbers, and integers) and use proportions to solve a variety of problems. New concepts include solving two-step equations and inequalities, graphing linear equations, visualizing three-dimensional shapes represented in two-dimensional drawings, applying transformations to geometric shapes in the coordinate plane, and using matrices to organize and interpret data. Students will verify and apply the Pythagorean Theorem and represent relations and functions using tables, graphs, and rules. Students will be encouraged to use correctly the concepts, skills, symbols, and vocabulary. Students will develop a wide range of skills and strategies for solving a variety of problem types. Calculators will be used as tools to assist in problem solving and to provide a powerful tool for solving and verifying solutions to equations and inequalities. However, the use of calculators shall not be regarded as a substitute for a student’s understanding of quantitative concepts and relationships or for proficiency in basic computations.

Algebra 1

The student’s knowledge and confidence of equation work will expand as the course adds in topics such as: rational expressions, factoring, polynomials, radical expressions, and quadratic. All students are expected to achieve the Algebra I objectives. The emphasis during Algebra 1 will be equations, problem solving, and graphing. When planning for instruction, consideration will be given to the sequential development of concepts and skills by using concrete materials to assist students in making the transition from the arithmetic to the symbolic. Student will also make connections to other subject areas through practical applications. This approach to teaching algebra should help students attach meaning to the abstract concepts of algebra. Algebra 1 standards require students to use algebra as a tool for representing and solving a variety of practical problems. Tables and graphs will be used to interpret algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities and to analyze functions. Graphing calculators, computers, and other appropriate technology tools will be used to assist in teaching and learning. Graphing utilities enhance the understanding of functions; they provide a powerful tool for solving and verifying solutions to equations and inequalities. Throughout the course, students should be encouraged to talk about mathematics, use the language and symbols of mathematics in representations and communication, discuss problems and problem solving, and develop their confidence in mathematics.

Geometry

This course is designed for students who have successfully completed the standards for Algebra 1. All students are expected to achieve the Geometry standards. The course includes, among other things, properties of geometric figures, trigonometric relationships, and reasoning to justify conclusions. Methods of justification will include paragraph proofs, two-column proofs, indirect proofs, coordinate proofs, algebraic methods, and verbal arguments. A gradual development of formal proof will be encouraged. Inductive and intuitive approaches to proof as well as deductive axiomatic methods should be used. The set of Geometry standards includes emphasis on two- and three-dimensional reasoning skills, coordinate and transformational geometry, and the use of geometric models to solve problems. A variety of applications and some general problem-solving techniques, including algebraic skills, should be used to implement these standards. Calculators, computers, graphing utilities (graphing calculators or computer graphing simulators), dynamic geometry software, and other appropriate technology tools will be used to assist in teaching and learning. Any technology that will enhance student learning should be used.

Algebra 2

Students will receive a thorough treatment of advanced algebraic concepts through the study of functions, “families of functions,” equations, inequalities, systems of equations and inequalities, polynomials, rational and radical equations, complex numbers, and sequences and series. Emphasis will be placed on practical applications and modeling throughout the course of study. Oral and written communication concerning the language of algebra, logic of procedures, and interpretation of results will be infused throughout the course. The standards taught in Algebra 2 build a strong connection between algebraic and graphic representations of functions. Students will vary the coefficients and constants of an equation, observe the changes in the graph of the equation, and make generalizations that can be applied to graphs. A graphing calculator is required for this course. The calculator will enhance the student’s understanding, aid in investigation and study of functions and their inverses, and provide an effective tool for solving and verifying equations and inequalities.

Honors Algebra 2

This course is designed to build on algebraic and geometric concepts. Honors Algebra 2 develops advanced algebra skills such as systems of equations, advanced polynomials, radical functions, quadratics, exponential, logarithmic, and rational functions. The content of this course is important for students’ success on both the ACT and college mathematics entrance exams. Students who complete Honors Algebra 2 should take Pre-Calculus next.

Pre-Calculus (Honors Pre-Calculus is also offered)

This course is designed for students who have a strong math foundation through Geometry and Algebra 2, and who desire to prepare for college-level calculus. The course includes the study of algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric and polar functions. A TI-84+ graphing calculator is required.

AP Calculus AB

This Advanced Placement (AP) course is designed to be equivalent to a first-semester college calculus course devoted to topics in differential and integral calculus. The AP course covers the concepts and skills of limits, derivatives, definite integrals, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. Students will be taught how to approach calculus concepts and problems when they are represented graphically, numerically, analytically, and verbally, and to make connections among these representations. Students will learn how to use technology to help solve problems, experiment, interpret results, and support conclusions. A TI-84+ graphing calculator is required for this course.

AP Calculus BC

This Advanced Placement (AP) course is designed to be the equivalent to both first and second semester college calculus courses. AP Calculus BC applies the content and skills learned in AP Calculus AB to parametrically defined curves, polar curves, and vector-valued functions; develops additional integration techniques and applications; and introduces the topics of sequences and series. Students will build an understanding of how calculus applies limits to develop important ideas, definitions, formulas, and theorems. This course provides a sustained emphasis on clear communication of methods, reasoning, justifications, and conclusions. Students will regularly use technology to reinforce relationships among functions, to confirm written work, to implement experimentation, and to assist in interpreting results. A TI-84+ graphing calculator is required for this course.

*AP Statistics

Students will explore the world of data analysis and probability in this challenging AP Statistics course. They will learn to interpret data, design experiments, and make informed decisions using statistical methods. Students will develop critical thinking skills and prepare for the AP exam while exploring real-world applications of statistics.